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Dr. K. Shuto Dr. J. Ohki Dr. H. Kagami Dr. M. Yamamoto Dr. N. Watanabe Dr. K. Yamamoto Dr. N. Anzai Dr. T. Itaya 《Mineralogy and Petrology》1993,49(1-2):71-90
Summary Based on Sr isotopic data for Tertiary and Quaternary basaltic rocks from the NE Japan arc, relationships are discussed between the temporal variation of magma source characteristics and the opening of the Japan Sea. The basaltic rocks from the trench side and from the transitional zone show initial87Sr/86Sr ratios (Sri ratios) in the range of 0.70411–0.70546 but no temporal variation in Sri ratios. The back-arc side basaltic rocks with ages of 29.8 to 15 Ma have Sri ratios similar to those of the trench side and the transitional zone, and these values also show no temporal change. In contrast, the basaltic rocks from the back-arc side, with ages younger than 15 Ma, show significantly lower Sri ratios (0.70396 to 0.70290), which are slightly higher than those of N-type MORB. These Sr isotopic features may imply that at least before 15 Ma the magma source regions (the sub-continental mantle) beneath the NE Japan arc had an enriched chemical character and that after 15 Ma, the magma sources for volcanic rocks from the back-arc side show a drastic change in Sr isotopic character, from an enriched nature to a depleted one. The depleted magmas may have been formed as a result of injection of depleted asthenosphere (or of a depleted mantle diapir) into the subcontinental mantle under the back-arc side of the NE Japan arc, during the spreading of the Japan Sea back-arc basin. The middle Miocene basaltic rocks from the back-arc side are characterized by lower contents of LIL elements such as K2O and Rb compared with those from the trench side, suggesting that during the middle Miocene (syn-opening stage of the Japan Sea) the degree of partial melting may have been higher in the back-arc side mantle than in the trench side mantle. High degree of partial melting in the back-arc side mantle can be attributed to an increasing geothermal gradient in the mantle due to the injection of hot asthenosphere. This injection might also have caused the melting of the lower crust from which the voluminous middle Miocene acidic volcanics in the back-arc side and transitional zone may have been produced.
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Drastische Veränderungen der Sr-Isotopenverhältnisse von Magmenquellen unterhalb des NE japanischen Vulkanbogens und ihre Beziehung zum Spreading des japanischen Back-Arc-Beckens
Zusammenfassung Die Beziehungen zwischen der zeitlichen Veränderung der Charakteristika von Magmenquellen und der Öffnung des Japanischen Meeres werden anhand von Sr-Isotopendaten tertiärer und quartärer basaltischer Gesteine diskutiert. Basaltische Gesteine von der Grabenseite und aus der Übergangszone ergaben initiale87Sr/86Sr Verhältnisse (Sri-Verhältnisse) von 0.70411–0.70546 und lassen keine zeitabhängige Änderung erkennen. Basaltische Besteine aus dem Back-Arc-Bereich mit Altern zwischen 29.8 und ca. 15 Ma zeigen ähnliche Sri-Verhältnisse und ebenfalls keine zeitliche Veränderung. Im Gegensatz dazu sind basaltische Gesteine aus dem Back-Arc-Bereich, die jünger als ca. 15 Ma sind, signifikant in ihren Sri-Verhältnissen (0.70396–0.70290) erniedrigt. Diese Verhältnisse liegen etwas höher als die von N-MORB. Die Sr-Isotopenergebnisse lassen vermuten, daß zumindest vor ca. 15 Ma der Herkunftsbereich der Magmen (subkontinentaler Mantel) unter dem NE japanischen Vulkanbogen chemisch angereichert war, während die Magmenquellen der jüngeren vulkanischen Gesteine des Back-Arc-Bereiches durch eine drastische Abreicherung charakterisiert sind. Die abgereicherten Magmen könnten, während der Öffnung des japanischen Back-Arc-Beckens, als Folge der Injektion abgereicherter Asthenosphäre (oder eines abgereicherten Manteldiapirs) in subkontinentalen Mantel unterhalb des Back-Arcs des NE japanischen Vulkanbogens, gebildet worden sein. Die miozänen basaltischen Gesteine des Back-Arc-Bereiches sind außerdem durch niedrigere Gehalte an LIL-Elementen, wie z.B. K2O und Rb charakterisiert. Dies wird als Hinweis auf eine erhöhte Aufschmelzungsrate in diesem Bereich im mittleren Miozän (im Zuge der gleichzeitigen Öffnung des japanischen Meeres) verstanden. Die erhöhte Aufschmelzrate im Mantel des Back-Arc-Breiches wird auf einer Erhöhung des geothermischen Gradienten infolge der Injektion von heißer Asthenosphäre zurückgeführt. Diese Injektion von Asthenosphäre könnte auch der Grund für die Aufschmelzung von Unterkruste und für die Produktion weitverbreiteter saurer miozäner Vulkanite im Back-Arc-Bereich und der Übergangszone sein.
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Blueschist-bearing Osayama serpentinite melange develops beneath a peridotite body of the Oeyama ophiolite which occupies the highest position structurally in the central Chugoku Mountains. The blueschist-facies tectonic blocks within the serpentinite melange are divided into the lawsonite–pumpellyite grade, lower epidote grade and higher epidote grade by the mineral assemblages of basic schists. The higher epidote-grade block is a garnet–glaucophane schist including eclogite-facies relic minerals and retrogressive lawsonite–pumpellyite-grade minerals. Gabbroic blocks derived from the Oeyama ophiolite are also enclosed as tectonic blocks in the serpentinite matrix and have experienced a blueschist metamorphism together with the other blueschist blocks. The mineralogic and paragenetic features of the Osayama blueschists are compatible with a hypothesis that they were derived from a coherent blueschist-facies metamorphic sequence, formed in a subduction zone with a low geothermal gradient (~ 10°C/km). Phengite K–Ar ages of 16 pelitic and one basic schists yield 289–327 Ma and concentrate around 320 Ma regardless of protolith and metamorphic grade, suggesting quick exhumation of the schists at ca 320 Ma. These petrologic and geochronologic features suggest that the Osayama blueschists comprise a low-grade portion of the Carboniferous Renge metamorphic belt. The Osayama blueschists indicate that the 'cold' subduction type (Franciscan type) metamorphism to reach eclogite-facies and subsequent quick exhumation took place in the northwestern Pacific margin in Carboniferous time, like some other circum-Pacific orogenic belts (western USA and eastern Australia), where such subduction metamorphism already started as early as the Ordovician. 相似文献
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Ryuichi Shinjo Takele Chekol Daniel Meshesha Tetsumaru Itaya Yoshiyuki Tatsumi 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,162(1):209-230
Major and trace element and isotopic ratios (Sr, Nd and Pb) are presented for mafic lavas (MgO > 4 wt%) from the southwestern
Yabello region (southern Ethiopia) in the vicinity of the East African Rift System (EARS). New K/Ar dating results confirm
three magmatic periods of activity in the region: (1) Miocene (12.3–10.5 Ma) alkali basalts and hawaiites, (2) Pliocene (4.7–3.6 Ma)
tholeiitic basalts, and (3) Recent (1.9–0.3 Ma) basanite-dominant alkaline lavas. Trace element and isotopic characteristics
of the Miocene and Quaternary lavas bear a close similarity to ocean island basalts that derived from HIMU-type sublithospheric
source. The Pliocene basalts have higher Ba/Nb, La/Nb, Zr/Nb and 87Sr/86Sr (0.70395–0.70417) and less radiogenic Pb isotopic ratios (206Pb/204Pb = 18.12–18.27) relative to the Miocene and Quaternary lavas, indicative of significant contribution from enriched subcontinental
lithospheric mantle in their sources. Intermittent upwelling of hot mantle plume in at least two cycles can explain the magmatic
evolution in the southern Ethiopian region. Although plumes have been originated from a common and deeper superplume extending
from the core–mantle boundary, the diversity of plume components during the Miocene and Quaternary reflects heterogeneity
of secondary plumes at shallower levels connected to the African superplume, which have evolved to more homogeneous source. 相似文献
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BUI Hoang B NGO Xuan Thanh Yungoo SONG Tetsumaru ITAYA Koshi YAGI KHUONG The Hung NGUYEN Tien Dung 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(5):1653-1663
Constraining the timing of fault zone formation is fundamentally important in terms of geotectonics to understand structural evolution and brittle fault processes.This paper presents the first authigenic illite K-Ar age data from fault gouge samples collected from the Red River Shear Zone at Lao Cai province,Vietnam.The fault gouge samples were separated into three grain-size fractions(0.1 μm,0.1-0.4 μm and 0.4-1.0 μm).The results show that the K-Ar age values decrease from coarser to finer grain fractions(24.1 to 19.2 Ma),suggesting enrichment in finer fraction of morerecently grown authigenic illites.The timing of the fault movement are the lower intercept ages at 0%detrital illite(19.2 ± 0.92 Ma and 19.4 ± 0.49 Ma).In combination with previous geochronological data,this result indicates that the metamorphism of the Day Nui Con Voi(DNCV) metamorphic complex took place before ca.26.8 Ma.At about 26.8 Ma-25 Ma,the fault strongly acted to cause the rapid exhumation of the rocks along the Red River-Ailoa Shan Fault Zone(RR-ASFZ).During brittle deformation,the DNCV slowly uplifted,implying weak movement of the fault.This brittle deformation might have lasted for ca.5 Ma. 相似文献
46.
Kadosa Balogh Károly Németh Tetsumaru Itaya Ferenc Molnár Robert Stewart Ngo X. Thanh Hironobu Hyodo Lajos Daróczi 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2010,2(3):385-398
The Bakony-Balaton Highland Volcanic Field (BBHVF) is located in the central part of Transdanubia, Pannonian Basin, with over 50 alkali basaltic volcanoes. The basanite plug of Hegyestu erupted in the first phase of volcanic activity. K/Ar and Ar/Ar ages were published for the BBHVF. K/Ar and Ar/Ar ages of the leucite-bearing basanite of Hegyestás were conflicting. This is caused by the special Ar retention feature of leucite in this basanite. K/Ar ages measured in the usual way were 25–45% younger, but after HCl treatment of the rock, or after reducing the baking temperature of the argon extraction line from 250°C to 150°C, they became similar to the Ar/Ar ages. All Ar/Ar determinations were performed after HF treatment. HCl treatment dissolved olivine, nepheline, leucite, magnetite and from 1-1 sample analcime or calcite. K dissolution studies from different locations of Hegyestü have shown that K content is mostly ≈2%, but it may decrease to ≈0.3%. HCl treatment dissolved 28.0–63.5% of the K content. The calculated K concentration for the dissolved part of samples with ~2%K was 4.02-6.42%: showing that leucite is responsible for the low temperature loss of 40Ar(rad). Ar may release at low temperature from very finegrained mineral, or when the Ar release mechanism changes. A 40Ar(rad) degassing spectrum has been recorded in the 55–295°C range of baking temperature and the data were plotted in the Arrhenius diagram. The diagram shows that a change of the structure in the 145–295°C range caused the loss of 40Ar(rad). On fractions of HCl treated rock 7.56±0.17 Ma isochron K/Ar age has been determined. This is regarded as minimum age of eruption and it is similar to the Ar/Ar isochron age (7.78±0.07 Ma). 相似文献
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Abstract It was revealed that the asymmetric X-ray diffraction peak of metamorphosed carbonaceous material was a combination of two types of symmetric peaks from the coaly material and graphite crystallite. Numerical synthesis using the two symmetric peaks shows the graphitization process observed in a metamorphic sequence is accompanied by a continuous change of the peak shape and apparent interplanar spacing. Based on the analytical results and geological observations, it is suggested that graphitization of carbonaceous material consists of two processes: (i) the formation of graphite crystallites at the expense of the coaly material through the formation of transitional material and the increasing abundance of crystallites which is observed in the chlorite zone; and (ii) growth of crystallites forming well-ordered graphite, which occurs in the higher-grade zone. 相似文献
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The pre-Mesozoic metamorphic belt runs parallel to the Day Nui Con Voi - Red River shear zone in Vietnam to the south. The belt is mainly composed of hornblende gneisses, amphibolite lenses and mica-schists. Five hornblendes from a gneiss and an amphibolite were analyzed chemically and chronologically by Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) and 40Ar/39Ar methods. EPMA analyses show that hornblendes in the gneiss and the amphibolite have significant amount of edenite component and similar average composition. However, the recalculated Fe3+ content is significantly heterogeneous in a thin section while total Fe is nearly the same among the analyses. The rim of each crystal is higher in Fe3+/(Fe3+ + Fe2+) than the core. These chemical and petrological features suggest that the hornblendes have suffered significant oxidation, in particular, largely in the gneiss.
40Ar/39Ar analyses showed that the gneiss has a significant variation of plateau ages (2089±14, 1977±19 and 1873±13 Ma) among three hornblende grains, whereas the amphibolite gives the same plateau ages (2056±14 and 2044±21 Ma) for two grains. All grains of both samples have excess ages in the first few fractions at low temperatures and partial-loss ages between the excess and plateau spectra. The Ca/K ratios indicate some disturbed phases for the lower temperature spectra but the partial-loss ages are also derived from hornblende phase. These facts suggest that hornblende in the gneiss has experienced partial argon loss by oxidation and/or thermally activated argon diffusion process. However, the gneiss and the associated amphibolite have preserved the early Proterozoic tectono-metamorphic event in the hornblende crystals except for their rims, giving new evidence for the early Proterozoic event within the pre-Mesozoic metamorphic belt (northern Vietnam) south of the Red River shear zone in Indochina. 相似文献
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Abstract The chronological characteristics of Alpine metamorphic rocks are described and Alpine metamorphic events are reinterpreted on the basis of chronological data for the western and central Alps from 1960 to 1992. Metamorphic rocks of the Lepontine, Gran San Bernardo, Piemonte, Internal Crystalline Massifs and Sesia-Lanzo mostly date Alpine metamorphic events, but some (along with granitoids and gneisses from the Helvetic and Southern Alps) result from the Variscan, Caledonian or older events and thus predate the Alpine events. Radiometric age data from the Lepontine area show systematic age relations: U-Pb monazite (23-29 Ma), Rb-Sr muscovite (15–40 Ma) and biotite (15–30 Ma), K-Ar biotite (10-30 Ma), muscovite (15–25 Ma) and hornblende (25-35 Ma), and FT zircon (10-20 Ma) and apatite (5-15 Ma), which can be explained by the different closure temperatures of the isotopic systems. A 121 Ma U-Pb zircon age for a coesite-bearing whiteschist (metaquartzite) from the Dora-Maira represents the peak of ultra-high pressure metamorphism. Coesite-free eclogites and blueschists related to ultra-high pressure rocks in the Penninic crystalline massifs yield an 40Ar-39Ar plateau age of about 100 Ma for phengites, interpreted as the cooling age. From about 50 Ma, eclogites and glaucophane schists have also been reported from the Piemonte ophiolites and calcschists, suggesting the existence of a second high P/T metamorphic event. Alpine rocks therefore record three major metamorphic events: (i) ultra-high and related high P/T metamorphism in the early Cretaceous, which is well preserved in continental material such as the Sesia-Lanzo and the Penninic Internal Crystalline Massifs; (ii) a second high P/T metamorphic event in the Eocene, which is recognized in the ophiolites and calcschists of the Mesozoic Tethys; and (iii) medium P/T metamorphism, in which both types of high P/T metamorphic rocks were variably reset by Oligocene thermal events. Due to the mixture of minerals formed in the three metamorphic events, there is a possibility that almost all geochronological data reported from the Alpine metamorphic belt show mixed ages. Early Cretaceous subduction of a Tethyan mid-ocean ridge and Eocene continental collision triggered off the exhumation of the high pressure rocks. 相似文献